U.S. FOREIGN POLICY:
DECISION MAKING AND THE THIRD WORLD
Course Description and Syllabus

Spring 1997

Political Studies 130 OFFICE HOURS
Tuesday and Thursday 2:45-4:00 Mon: 10:00-11:00
Professor Dana Ward Tues: 11:00-12:00
Office: A207 Wed: 10:00-11:00
Telephone: 73177 Thur: 1:45-2:40

      This course is designed to examine U.S. foreign policy toward the Third World using a number of analytic models and theories of decision making including the rational actor approach, bureaucratic politics approach, autonomous state theories, domestic politics theories, imperialist state models, cognitive modeling, social-psychological models, and group and individual dynamic models. These approaches are applied to a series of Third World case studies in different administrations, different regions of the world, and in different historical eras, although the overwhelming emphasis is on post-World War II cases. The cases are drawn from crisis situations as well as routine decision making. Through these case studies the student not only will become familiar with the critical events in U.S. foreign policy that have influenced the way in which decision making has developed in the U.S. foreign policy establishment, but also the student will develop analytic frameworks that can be applied to other nations' foreign policy making. Towards the end of the semester we will also pay attention to the aftermath of U.S. policy decisions in the target countries.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS

      Grades will be assigned on the basis of the following criteria:

      1) On January 27 you will each submit a statement of your goals for the course. This statement should be as specific and detailed as possible. Plan your method for meeting the responsibilities of this course, set weekly goals and time schedules, or whatever will help you to think about why you are taking this particular course and how it fits your over-all learning goals. Then, on the last day of class you will turn in a self-evaluation in which you will analyze how well you met your goals, how your goals changed, and what unforeseen goals emerged. You will then assign yourself an over-all grade based on your performance in this course. Your self-evaluation will constitute ten percent of the final grade.

      2) On April 30 peer evaluations are due. Each student will turn in via email an evaluation of each of the other students in the class. At the beginning of each evaluation type the name of the student being evaluated, followed by a letter grade (e.g., A, A-, AB, B+, B, B-, BC, etc.). Clearly separate each evaluation as the evaluations will be distributed to the individual being evaluated. The evaluators will remain anonymous. The grade given should reflect your evaluation of the student's contribution to your OWN education. That is, how thought provoking, helpful, and informative has the student in question been in your own attempts to understand our subject. Below the student's name and the letter grade assigned type as thorough and thoughtful an analysis as possible of the basis for your evaluation, emphasizing strengths, weaknesses and suggestions for improvements. Included in the evaluation is your judgment of the student's performance in the student presentations scheduled for the last weeks of class. The evaluation will represent ten percent of the final grade.

      3) A twelve page (maximum) research paper dealing with any U.S. foreign policy decision dealing with the Third World. In the paper you must apply at least two different analytic models to the problem you discuss. You must consult with me early and often on your choice of topics for the research paper and keep me up to date on your progress. You should be working on the paper from now until it is due on March 12. This paper will constitute thirty percent of your grade.

      4) A twelve page (maximum) research paper comparing U.S. policy toward two countries, neither of which can be the same as the country discussed in the first paper. The focus of the paper should be a particular aspect of U.S. policy such as trade policy, military intervention, economic sanctions, development aid, and so forth. The paper is due May 5 and will constitute thirty percent of your final grade.

      5) During the last few weeks of class, the Tuesday sessions will be devoted to student presentations. Groups will be formed according to the countries chosen for your final paper. Each group will present a critique of U.S. policy in the region. The presentations should not be based on individual papers, but in contributing to the group project students can draw on the research done for the papers. In short, this should not be a series of presentations based on individual countries, but a regional analysis of U.S. policy.

      6)In lieu of a final exam, you will each write a critical review integrating the material from assigned readings into an overall assessment of of U.S. foreign policy. The critical review will constitute twenty percent of your final grade.

GRADING WEIGHTS

Self evaluation: 10 percent
Peer evaluation 10 percent
First research paper: 30 percent
Second research paper: 30 percent
Critical review: 20 percent

REQUIRED TEXTS

Allison, G. Essence of Decision
Domhoff, G.W. The Power Elite and the State
Ewell, J. Venezuela and the United States
Janis, I. Groupthink
Issue 90 Latin American Perspectives
LaFeber, W. Inevitable Revolution
Tan, Q. The Making of U.S. China Policy

      All the above are also available in the library if you want to avoid the cost of purchasing personal copies.

Useful Internet bLinks

C-Span on Cuban Missile Crisis

SYLLABUS

      All readings must be completed by the date on the syllabus. It should take you less than three hours of reading for each class session. All assignments not included in the required texts are on reserve at Honnold and Mead libraries.

Jan 20: Orientation

Jan 22: Sylvan and Chan, Foreign Policy Decision Making,
     "An Overview", pp.1-13.
Ikenberry, and Lake, "Introduction: Approaches to Explaining
     American Foreign Economic Policy", International Organization, 42, pp. 1-14.
Janis, I, Groupthink, pp. 1-13.
Domhoff, G.W., The Power Elite and the State, pp. 1-28.

Jan 27: Allison, G., The Essence of Decision, pp. 1-38.
Sylvan, and Chan, Foreign Policy Decision Making, pp. 25-45, 53-77.

Jan 29: Allison, G., The Essence of Decision, pp. 39-117.

Feb 3: Allison, G., The Essence of Decision, pp. 117-200.

Feb 5: Allison, G., The Essence of Decision, pp. 200-277.

Feb 10: Domhoff, G.W., The Power Elite and the State, pp. 107-187.

Feb 12: Domhoff, G.W., The Power Elite and the State, pp. 205-224.
Janis, I, Groupthink, pp. 97-130, 159-172.

Feb 17: Janis, I, Groupthink, pp. 14-70, 132-158.

Feb 19: Janis, I, Groupthink, pp. 174-197, 242-276.

Feb 24: Tan Qingshan, The Making of U.S. China Policy,
pp. 1-6, 9-21, 25-49, 57-80.

Feb 26: Tan Qingshan, The Making of U.S. China Policy,
pp. 87-107, 115-136, 143-159.

Mar 3: LaFeber, W., Inevitable Revolution, pp. 5-85.

Mar 5: Ewell, J., Venezuela and the United States, pp. 1-62.

Mar 10: Ewell, J., Venezuela and the United States, pp. 63-143.

Mar 12: LaFeber, W., Inevitable Revolution, pp. 87-145.

Mar 24: Ewell, J., Venezuela and the United States, pp. 144-227.

Mar 26: LaFeber, W., Inevitable Revolution, pp. 147-196.

Mar 31: LaFeber, W., Inevitable Revolution, pp.197-270.

Apr 2: LaFeber, W., Inevitable Revolution, pp. 271-323.

Apr 7: LaFeber, W., Inevitable Revolution, pp. 325-368

Apr 9: 'T Hart, P., Groupthink In Government, pp. 181-192, 195-206, 209-269.

Apr 14: Latin American Perspectives, Volume 23, Number 3, pp. 3-73.

Apr 16: Latin American Perspectives, Volume 23, Number 3, pp. 74-158.

Apr 21: Ellner, S. "Left Parties in Regional Power", NACLA, Vol. XXIX,
     No. 1, pp. 37-42.
Ungar, M., "Prison Mayhem: Venezuela's Explosive Penitentiary Crisis",
     NACLA, Vol. XXX, No. 2, pp. 37-42.

Apr 23: Doyle, K., "The Art of the Coup", NACLA, Vol. XXXI, No. 2, pp. 34-39.
Grandin, G., "To End With All These Evils",
     Latin American Perspectives, Vol. 24, No.2, pp. 7-34.
Holiday, D., "Guatemala's Long Road to Peace",
     Current History, February 1997, pp. 68-74.
Otzoy, A., "The Struggle for Maya Unity", NACLA,
     Vol. XXIX, No. 5., pp. 33-35.
Jonas, S., "The Peace Accords: An End and a Beginning", NACLA,
      Vol. XXX, No. 6, pp. 6-10.

Apr 28: Smith, S.K., "Renovation and Orthodoxy", Latin American Perspectives,
     Volume 24, No. 2, pp. 102-116.
Babb, F.E., "After the Revolution: Neoliberal Policy and Gender in Nicaragua",
     Latin American Perspectives, Volume 23, No. 1, pp. 27-48.
Fernández Poncela, A.M., "The Disruptions of Adjustment: Women in Nicaragua",
     Latin American Perspectives, Volume 23 No. 1, pp. 49-66.
Canin, E., "Work, a Roof, and Bread for the Poor",
     Latin American Perspectives, Volume 24, No.2, pp. 80-101.
McCoy, J.L. and McConnell, S., "Nicaragua: Beyond the Revolution",
     Current Hisotry, February 1997, pp. 75-80.

Apr 30: Binford, L., "Grassroots Development in Conflict Zones of Northeastern
     El Salvador", Latin American Perspectives, Volume 24, No. 2, pp. 56-79.
Montgomery, T.S., "Constructing Democracy in El Salvador",
     Current History, February 1997, pp. 61-67.
Lungo, M., "FMLN Mayors in 15 Towns", NACLA,
      Vol. XXIX, No. 1, pp. 33-36.

May 5: Ruhl, J.M., "Doubting Democracy in Honduras", Current History,
February 1997, pp. 81-86.

May 7: Reno, W., "Privatizing War in Sierra Leone", Current History
February 1997, pp. 227-230.