U.S. FOREIGN POLICY:
DECISION MAKING AND THE THIRD WORLD

Spring 1994

Political Studies 130 OFFICE HOURS
Tuesday and Thursday 2:45-4:00 Mon: 10:00-11:00
Professor Dana Ward Tues: 11:00-12:00
Office: A207 Wed: 10:00-11:00
Telephone: 73177 Thur: 1:45-2:40

      This course is designed to examine U.S. foreign policy toward the Third World using a number of analytic models and theories of decision making including the rational actor approach, bureaucratic politics approach, autonomous state theories, domestic politics theories, imperialist state models, cognitive modeling, social- psychological models, and group and individual dynamic models. These approaches are applied to a series of Third World case studies in different administrations, different regions of the world, and in different historical eras, although the overwhelming emphasis is on post-World War II cases. The cases are drawn from crisis situations as well as routine decision making. Through these case studies the student not only will become familiar with the critical events in U.S. foreign policy that have influenced the way in which decision making has developed in the U.S. foreign policy establishment, but also the student will develop analytic frameworks that can be applied to other nations' foreign policy making.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS

      Grades will be assigned on the basis of the following criteria:

      1) On January 24 you will each submit a statement of your goals for the course. This statement should be as specific and detailed as possible. Plan your method for meeting the responsibilities of this course, set weekly goals and time schedules, or whatever will help you to think about why you are taking this particular course and how it fits your over-all learning goals. Then, on the last day of class you will turn in a self-evaluation in which you will analyze how well you met your goals, how your goals changed, and what unforeseen goals emerged. You will then assign yourself an over-all grade based on your performance in this course. Your self-evaluation will constitute ten percent of the final grade.

      2) On April 29 peer evaluations are due. Each student will turn in an evaluation of each of the other students in the class. On the top left hand corner of a sheet of paper type the name of the student being evaluated, followed by a letter grade (e.g., A, A-, AB, B+, B, B-, BC, etc.). Use one paper per student since the evaluations will be distributed to the individual being evaluated. The evaluators will remain anonymous. The grade given should reflect your evaluation of the student's contribution to your OWN education. That is, how thought provoking, helpful, and informative has the student in question been in your own attempts to understand our subject. Below the student's name and the letter grade assigned type as thorough and thoughtful an analysis as possible of the basis for your evaluation, emphasizing strengths, weaknesses and suggestions for improvements (use additional paper as necessary). Included in the evaluation is your judgment of the student's performance in the student presentations scheduled for the last weeks of class. The evaluation will represent ten percent of the final grade.

      3) A twelve page (maximum) research paper dealing with any U.S. foreign policy decision dealing with the Third World. In the paper you must apply at least two different analytic models to the problem you discuss. You must consult with me early and often on your choice of topics for the research paper and keep me up to date on your progress. You should be working on the paper from now until it is due on March 9. This paper will constitute thirty percent of your grade.

      4) A twelve page (maximum) research paper comparing U.S. policy toward two countries in different regions of the world. The two countries must be on different continents (i.e., Asia, Africa, and Latin America). Neither country can be the same as the country discussed in the first paper. The focus of the paper should be a particular aspect of U.S. policy such as trade policy, military intervention, economic sanctions, development aid, and so forth. The paper is due May 4 and will constitute thirty percent of your final grade.

      5) In lieu of a final exam, there will be eight single page critical reviews of the eight texts assigned in the course. Each review is due on the day we finish all the reading assignments for a particular text. Late reviews will not be accepted. The reviews should not be a rehash of what the author said, but rather an evaluation of the author's argument and original observations of your own on the subject.

      6) During the last few weeks of class, the Monday sessions will be devoted to student presentations. Groups will be formed according to the countries chosen for your final paper. Each student, therefore, will be part of two out of the three groups dealing with Asia, Latin America, and Africa and the Middle East. Each group will present a critique of U.S. policy in the region. The presentations should not be based on individual papers, but in contributing to the group project students can draw on the research done for the papers. In short, this should not be a series of presentations based on individual countries, but a regional analysis of U.S. policy.

GRADING WEIGHTS

Self evaluation: 10 percent
Peer evaluation 10 percent
First research paper: 30 percent
Second research paper: 30 percent
Critical reviews: 20 percent

REQUIRED TEXTS

Allison, Grahm Essence of Decision
Domhoff, G.W. The Power Elite and the State
Janis, I. Groupthink
LaFeber, Walter Inevitable Revolution
Schraeder, Peter Intervention into the 1990's
Stockwell, J. In Search of Enemies
Tan Qingshan The Making of U.S. China Policy
Walker, T.W. & Booth, J. Understanding Central America

SYLLABUS

      All readings must be completed by the date on the syllabus. It should take you less than three hours of reading for each class session. All assignments not included in the required texts are on reserve at Honnold and Mead libraries.

Jan 19: Orientation

Jan 24: Sylvan, and Chan, Foreign Policy Decision Making, "An Overview", pp.1-13.
Ikenberry, and Lake, "Introduction: Approaches to Explaining American Foreign Economic Policy", International Organization, 42, pp. 1-14.
Janis, Groupthink, pp. 1-13.
Allison, The Essence of Decision, pp. 1-38.

Jan 26: Domhoff, The Power Elite and the State, pp. 1-28.
Sylvan, and Chan, Foreign Policy Decision Making, pp. 25-45, 53-77.

Jan 31: Allison, The Essence of Decision, pp. 39-117.

Feb 2: Allison, The Essence of Decision, pp. 117-200.

Feb 7: Allison, The Essence of Decision, pp. 200-277.

Feb 9: Domhoff, The Power Elite and the State, pp. 107-187.

Feb 14: Domhoff, The Power Elite and the State, pp. 205-224.
Janis, Groupthink, pp. 97-130, 159-172.

Feb 16: Janis, Groupthink, pp. 14-70, 132-158.

Feb 21: Janis, Groupthink, pp. 174-197, 242-276.

Feb 23: Tan Qingshan, The Making of U.S. China Policy,
pp. 1-6, 9-21, 25-49, 57-80.

Feb 28: Tan Qingshan, The Making of U.S. China Policy,
pp. 87-107, 115-136, 143-159.

Mar 2: LaFeber, Inevitable Revolution, pp. 5-85.

Mar 7: LaFeber, Inevitable Revolution, pp. 87-145.

Mar 9: LaFeber, Inevitable Revolution, pp. 147-196.

Mar: 21: LaFeber, Inevitable Revolution, pp.197-270.

Mar: 23: LaFeber, Inevitable Revolution, pp. 271-368.

Mar 28: Booth and Walker, Understnding Central America, pp. 1-89.

Mar 30: Booth and Walker, Understnding Central America, pp. 91-171.

Apr 4: Schraeder, Intervention into the 1990's, pp. 1-19, 23-53, 55-71.

Apr 6: Schraeder, Intervention into the 1990's, pp. 75-129, 131-151.

Apr 11: Schraeder, Intervention into the 1990's, pp. 153-172, 175-191, 193-207, 209-244.

Apr 13: Schraeder, Intervention into the 1990's, pp. 247-267, 269-301, 303-320.

Apr 18: Schraeder, Intervention into the 1990's, pp. 321-382, 385-405.

Apr 20: Stockwell, In Search of Enemies, pp. 9-99.

Apr 25: Stockwell, In Search of Enemies, pp.100-175.

Apr 27: Stockwell, In Search of Enemies, pp.176-254.

May 2: Maley, & Salkal, "Political Order in Post-Communist Afghanistan",
pp. 9-57.

May 4: Mark Danner, "Who is Aristide?", The New York Review of Books, XL, #19.pp. 25-30.
Mark Danner, "The Prophet Aristide", The New York Review of Books, XL, #20, pp. 27-36.
Mark Danner, "The Fall of the Prophet", The New York Review of Books, XL,#21, pp.44-53.